{"id":1284,"date":"2016-03-18T07:10:41","date_gmt":"2016-03-18T06:10:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pensalla.cat\/?p=1284"},"modified":"2016-03-16T10:47:37","modified_gmt":"2016-03-16T09:47:37","slug":"com-es-transmeten-les-dades-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/?p=1284","title":{"rendered":"Com es transmeten les dades (2)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-top:0px;\t\r\npadding-right:0px;\r\npadding-bottom:0px;\r\npadding-left:0px;\r\nmargin-top:0px;\r\nmargin-right:0px;\r\nmargin-bottom:0px;\r\nmargin-left:0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" \r\n\t\t\t\t        data-url=\"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/?p=1284\" \r\n\t\t\t\t        data-via=\"jjofra\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-text=\"Com es transmeten les dades (2)?\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-related=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-count=\"none\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-hashtags=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-lang=\"autoLANGauto\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-counturl=\"pensalla.cat\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-size=\"medium\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-dnt=\"false\"\t> Tweet <\/a> <\/div>\r\n\t\t                <script>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    !function(d,s,id) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      if(!d.getElementById(id)) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t       js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      }\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    }\r\n\t\t\t\t\t   (document,\"script\",\"twitter-wjs\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    <\/script><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>El Wimax<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\nEl Wiimax (Worlwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) \u00e9s una tecnologia m\u00e9s potent que el wifi i d\u00f3na acc\u00e9s a Internet d\u2019altres prestacions. Aqu\u00ed la fan servir els <a href=\"http:\/\/www.anxanet.com\/index.php\/construccio-de-xarxes\/internet-arriba-a-tot-arreu\" target=\"_blank\">d\u2019Anxanet<\/a>\u00a0i tamb\u00e9 els <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iberbanda.es\/WiMAXLMDS\" target=\"_blank\">d\u2019Iberbanda<\/a>\u00a0i pot donar cobertura a un barri o poble perqu\u00e8 pot arribar fins a 30 km.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s un sistema per comunitats a les quals \u00e9s dif\u00edcil o car cablejar, per\u00f2 requereix un dispositiu a casa per convertir el senyal a WiFi o cable que \u00e9s el que normalment tenim als nostres dispositius.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1288\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1288\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax-300x191.jpg?resize=300%2C191\" alt=\"wimax\" width=\"300\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=300%2C191&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=768%2C488&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=1024%2C650&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=100%2C64&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=150%2C95&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=200%2C127&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=450%2C286&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=600%2C381&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?resize=900%2C572&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/wimax.jpg?w=1107&amp;ssl=1 1107w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3G \/ 4G \/ 5G<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El 3G \u00e9s el primer sistema r\u00e0pid de transmissi\u00f3 de dades a dispositius m\u00f2bils, es va iniciar a fer servir el 2001 Jap\u00f3, i es va expandir el 2003 a Europa, ajudat per una resoluci\u00f3 del Parlament Europeu perqu\u00e8 la cobertura 3G arrib\u00e9s al 80% de la poblaci\u00f3 a finals de 2005. Amb 3G es poden arribar a velocitats de fins a 2 Mbps.<\/p>\n<p>Abans de posar-se en marxa tots recordem que els governs europeus van subhastar l\u2019espectre radioel\u00e8ctric que necessitaven les operadores per fer arribar el 3G, subhasta que va representar molts milions d\u2019ingressos.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019evoluci\u00f3 per donar resposta a les necessitats de m\u00e9s velocitats es va anomenar 4G, i va introduir for\u00e7a millores t\u00e8cniques, es va posar en marxa el desembre de 2010 al Jap\u00f3, i a l\u2019Estat espanyol Vodafone va ser el pioner el maig de 2013. Es poden obtenir velocitats fins a 100 Mbps, per\u00f2 s\u2019han aconseguit fins a 1 Gbps en rep\u00f2s en sistemes especials, especials perqu\u00e8 des de la seva concepci\u00f3 \u00e9s un sistema per donar connectivitat en mobilitat. El que l&#8217;usuari realment aconsegueix s\u00f3n velocitats de 50\/23 Mbps de baixada i pujada, i es poden obtenir <a href=\"http:\/\/www.testdevelocidad.es\/estudio\/velocidad-4g-2014\/\" target=\"_blank\">m\u00e0xims de 87 Mbps<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>I el que ara est\u00e0 en desenvolupament, perqu\u00e8 mai en tindrem prou de velocitat, \u00e9s el 5G, que es va mostrar al darrer Mobile del 2016, en sistemes molt grans i que consumeixen molta energia, justament el contrari del que es necessita. Ericsson ha fet proves per demostrar que es pot arribar fins a 5 Gbps. i Huawei vol fer proves el Mundial de Futbol de R\u00fassia el 2018, la resta de mortals, veurem el 5G cap al 2020.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1290\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1290\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres-300x112.png?resize=300%2C112\" alt=\"imgres\" width=\"300\" height=\"112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png?resize=300%2C112&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png?resize=100%2C37&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png?resize=150%2C56&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png?resize=200%2C74&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.png?w=368&amp;ssl=1 368w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>El LiFi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>La propera revoluci\u00f3 per accedir a Internet \u00e9s el <a href=\"http:\/\/purelifi.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Li-Fi<\/a>, la Internet per les bombetes LED, que enc\u00e9n i apaga moltes vegades per segon la bombeta, bombeta apagada \u00e9s zero i amb llum \u00e9s u, i permet velocitats de fins a 500 Mbps! Una \u2018nova\u2019 tecnologia que es va comen\u00e7ar a estudiar i provar fa 100 anys, per\u00f2 va ser el professor Harald Hass el 2011 quan va demostrar que es podia transmetre a 10 Mbps i la seva empresa, pureLiFi va presentar el primer sistema comercial al Mobile World Congress del 2014.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/purelifi.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1286\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1286\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault-300x169.jpg?resize=300%2C169\" alt=\"maxresdefault\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=100%2C56&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=150%2C84&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=200%2C113&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=450%2C253&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?resize=900%2C506&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/maxresdefault.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Amb posterioritat els estudis diuen que es podr\u00e0 arribar a 800 Mbps o fins i tot a 15 Gbps.<\/p>\n<p>Encara que no satura les ones, aix\u00f2 que ens passa quan mirem quines xarxes wifi tenim disponibles i veiem una llista llargu\u00edssima, el LiFi ens obliga a estar m\u00e9s o menys a la vista de la bombeta que emet el llum, com a m\u00e0xim a 10 metres amb la tecnologia actual i, \u00e9s clar, si poseu una m\u00e0 al davant de la bombeta, ens quedem sense connexi\u00f3:)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>El WiFi passiu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El cas contrari d\u2019aconseguir grans velocitats \u00e9s aconseguir molt poc consum quan es transmeten les dades, especialment per a la Internet de les Coses (IoT) que no es pot permetre que dispositius molt petits requereixin canvis de bateries. Penseu que es calcula que a finals del 2016 hi hauran m\u00e9s de 6.000 milions d\u2019objectes connectats a Internet.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1289\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1289\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres-300x166.jpg?resize=300%2C166\" alt=\"imgres\" width=\"300\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg?resize=100%2C55&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg?resize=150%2C83&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg?resize=200%2C111&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pensalla.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/imgres.jpg?w=302&amp;ssl=1 302w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Per aix\u00f2 s\u2019est\u00e0 provant el wifi passiu, tecnologia inventada per dos <a href=\"http:\/\/passivewifi.cs.washington.edu\/files\/passive_wifi.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">estudiants de la Universitat de Washington<\/a>, que en lloc de qu\u00e8 la r\u00e0dio del nostre dispositiu emeti senyal constantment, el que fa \u00e9s rebotar el senyal rebut amb molt poc consum d\u2019energia, aix\u00f2 s\u00ed, com a m\u00ednim ha d\u2019haver-hi un emissor \u2019normal\u2019 que els dispositius fan servir per rebre el senyal i rebotar-lo. De moment nom\u00e9s fins a 11 Mbps i 30 metres, recordeu que el bluetooth nom\u00e9s arriba a 1 Mbps, per\u00f2 tots aquests dispositius transmeten molt poca informaci\u00f3, el m\u00e9s important \u00e9s no gastar energia i amb aquesta tecnologia es consumeix 10.000 vegades menys que els dispositius wifi i 1.000 vegades menys que el bluetooth.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ara us toca a vosaltres barallar-vos amb les operadores per tenir el millor servei al millor preu. Bona sort, la necessitareu.<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-top:0px;\t\r\npadding-right:0px;\r\npadding-bottom:0px;\r\npadding-left:0px;\r\nmargin-top:0px;\r\nmargin-right:0px;\r\nmargin-bottom:0px;\r\nmargin-left:0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" \r\n\t\t\t\t        data-url=\"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/?p=1284\" \r\n\t\t\t\t        data-via=\"jjofra\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-text=\"Com es transmeten les dades (2)?\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-related=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-count=\"none\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-hashtags=\"\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-lang=\"autoLANGauto\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-counturl=\"pensalla.cat\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-size=\"medium\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    data-dnt=\"false\"\t> Tweet <\/a> <\/div>\r\n\t\t                <script>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    !function(d,s,id) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      if(!d.getElementById(id)) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t       js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t      }\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    }\r\n\t\t\t\t\t   (document,\"script\",\"twitter-wjs\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\t    <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tweet &nbsp; El Wimax El Wiimax (Worlwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) \u00e9s una tecnologia m\u00e9s potent que el wifi i d\u00f3na acc\u00e9s a Internet d\u2019altres prestacions. Aqu\u00ed la fan servir els d\u2019Anxanet\u00a0i tamb\u00e9 els d\u2019Iberbanda\u00a0i pot donar cobertura a un<span class=\"ellipsis\">&hellip;<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/?p=1284\">Read more <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Com es transmeten les dades (2)?<\/span><span class=\"meta-nav\"> &#8250;<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><!-- end of .read-more --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1284"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pensalla.cat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}